CVE-2021-36934
Description
An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists because of overly permissive Access Control Lists (ACLs) on multiple system files, including the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) database. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could run arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights.
An attacker must have the ability to execute code on a victim system to exploit this vulnerability.
After installing this security update, you must manually delete all shadow copies of system files, including the SAM database, to fully mitigate this vulnerabilty. Simply installing this security update will not fully mitigate this vulnerability. See KB5005357- Delete Volume Shadow Copies.
Summary dbcve.org
Windows Elevation of Privilege vulnerability where overly permissive ACLs on system files (especially the SAM database) allow any user with code execution to read sensitive data including password hashes, then escalate to SYSTEM privileges.
Mitigation
Apply the security update (KB5005000) AND manually delete all volume shadow copies using vssadmin or diskshadow to prevent extraction of the SAM database from shadow copies - both steps are required for complete remediation.